Paper Details

Sedimentation in dam reservoirs across the globe is a significant issue that affects the performance, longevity, and operational efficiency of hydraulic structures and Agba dam reservoir is not exempted. This study investigates the impact and sediment accumulation on the functionality and safety of Agba dam reservoir in kwara state. Through computational modeling, the research quantifies the rate of sedimentation, estimated the sediment accumulation and assesses its implications on the reservoir's storage capacity, flood control abilities, and downstream water quality. The results indicated that Agba dam reservoir current storage capacity was 2,326,884.56 m3 and the reservoir was constructed in 1949 with a design capacity of 3,000,000 m3. From the inception to the time of the present study, 73 years had elapsed. This shows that within 73 years, the reservoir lost 0.67m3 of its original capacity to sediment. The average rate of sediment accumulation for the 73- year period was estimated to be 1743.06349 m3/year. This indicates a progressive reduction in the effective storage volume of the reservoir due to sediment deposition and accumulation, which in turn reduces its capacity to manage flood events and supply water during drought period. To mitigate these effects, the study suggests implementing regular sediment management practices, in addition to this; the research highlights the significance of continuous monitoring and adaptive management strategies to maintaining the structural integrity and operational effectiveness of dam reservoirs in the face of ongoing sedimentation challenges. Keywords: Sedimentation, Dam reservoir, Efficiency, Longevity, Impact, Capacity, Flood control, Mitigate, Management, Maintenance, Strategies.